The periodic table helps us to predict some properties of an atom of an element. The position of an element in the periodic table gives the atomic number of the element. From the atomic number we can write the electronic configuration of the atom of the element. The electronic configuration of the atom gives us the following information:
1. Number of electron shells in the atom
This number gives the period number of the element in the periodic table.
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2. Number of valence electrons
The number of electrons in the outermost shell, i.e., the valence electrons, gives the group number of the element in the periodic table.
3. Valency of the element
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The valency of the element is determined by the number of valence electrons in an atom of the element.
4. Metallic and nonmetallic character
The number of valence electrons in an atom of the element also tells whether the element is a metal or a nonmetal. If an atom of the element contains 1,2 or 3 electrons as the valence electrons, the element is a metal. On the other hand, if the atom contains 4 or more than 4 electrons as the valence electrons, the element is a nonmetal.
5. Size of the atom
Number of electron shells gives some idea about the size of an atom of the element.
6. Reactivity of the element
The position of the element in the periodic table gives an idea about the reactivity of the element.