The difference between electrovalent (ionic) and covalent compounds are :
Electrovalent compounds
- The are made up of ions
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They are generally crystalline solids.
- They have high m.p. and b.p.
- They are easily soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents, such as benzene, chloroform, etc.
- They can be electrolysed.
- They are bad conductors of electricity in the solid state, but can conduct electricity in the molten state or in aqueous solution.
- The molecules of electrovalent compounds have no definite shape.
- In solution, these compounds react very fast.
Covalent compounds
- They are made up of molecules.
- They are generally gases or liquids under ordinary conditions.
- Their m.p. and b.p. are low.
- They are insoluble in water but are usually soluble in organic solvents, such as benzene, chloroform, etc.
- Generally, they cannot be electrolysed.
- Covalent compounds (except polar covalent compounds) do not conduct electricity.
- The molecules of covalent compounds have definite geometrical shapes
- In solution, the reactions of these compounds are slow.